Author: Suzanne Aussems & Sotaro Kita Date: 11/10/2019 This 00_read_me.txt file explains the structure of the folders and files uploaded in support of the manuscript titled: "Seeing Iconic Gesture Promotes First- and Second-Order Verb Generalization in Preschoolers" Folder: Counterbalancing The Excel sheet named counterbalancing.csv contains an overview of the experiment structure and lists the video file names of the GRACE video database used to construct twelve experiment versions. Counterbalancing was the same for all three experiments. The column names of the counterbalancing_final.csv are the same as the column names in the raw data files apart from the following: target_exemplar* - this column contains all the references to the file names of the stimuli videos shown as the target events. These videos were the correct answers in the generalization task. distractor_exemplar* - this column contains all the references to the file names of the stimuli videos shown as the distractor events. These videos were the incorrect answers in the generalization task. position_target - this column lists whether the target_exemplar videos were shown on the left or right side of the screen. *All file names in the columns training_exemplar, left_exemplar, and right_exemplar, refer to video files that are openly available from the Warwick Research Archive Portal (WRAP) at http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/78493/ and a paper on how these stimuli were normed is published in the Behavior Research Methods journal: Title: GestuRe and ACtion Exemplar (GRACE) Video Database: Stimuli for Research on Manners of Human Locomotion and Iconic Gestures doi: 10.3758/s13428-017-0942-2 --- Folder: Gesture Videos The video files named Interactive_gesture_1.mp4, Interactive_gesture_2.mp4, and Interactive_gesture_3.mp4 contain examples of the interactive gestures used in all three experiments. The video file named Path-tracing_gesture_1.mp4 contains an example of the path-tracing gestures used only in Experiment 3. --- Folder: Main Figures This folder contains the four main figures that appear in the manuscript. Exp1-3, Procedure: Main_Figure1.pdf Exp1, Results: Main_Figure2.png Exp2, Results: Main_Figure3.png Exp3, Results: Main_Figure4.png The three Results Figures were created with the R Markdown documents and the code is available in the uploaded scripts to recreate the Figures based on the raw data. --- Folder: Raw Data The R Markdown .Rmd files read the raw data from final_sample_exp1.csv and final_sample_exp2.csv and final_sample_exp3.csv These .csv files have the same column structure and below the content of each column is explained. begin_testing - this column contains a time stamp for the start of a testing session end_testing - this column contains a time stamp for the end of a testing session participant - this column contains the id number for each unique child participant exp_version - this column contains the version number (1-12) for each unique experiment version date_of_birth - this column contains children's date of birth in the format dd/mm/yyyy gender - this column contains the Female or Male gender of each child participant trial_no - this column contains the number of the trial 1-12 (a and b are practice trials) group - this column contains information on the between-subjects manipulation of both our experiment tasks group 1 includes children who saw iconic gestures in trial 1-6 and interactive gestures in trial 7-12 (in Exp. 1-3) and group 2 includes children who saw interactive gestures in trial 1-6 and interactive gestures in trial 7-12 (in Exp. 1-2) and path-tracing gestures in trial 1-6 and interactive gestures in trial 7-12 (in Exp. 3). block - this column contains information on the within-subjects manipulation in both our experiment tasks block 1 refers to trial_no 1-6 block 2 refers to trial_no 7-12 group - this column contains information on the between-subjects manipulation, where children could be in group 1 or 2. We manipulated the gesture type that children saw in block 1. gesture_type - this column contains information on the gesture type children saw on a given trial (iconic vs. interactive gesture) word - this column contains the novel nonsense words children heard the experimenter say when they saw training_exemplar files training_exemplar* - this column contains all the references to the file names of the stimuli videos shown when the verb was taught left_exemplar* - this column contains all the references to the file names of the stimuli videos shown on the left side of the screen during test trials right_exemplar* - this column contains all the references to the file names of the stimuli videos shown on the right side of the screen during test trials accuracy - this column contains the children's responses on the verb generalization task which could be correct (1) or incorrect (0). This is the dependent variable in both our experiment tasks and it was modeled in logistic regression analyses position_answer - this column contains information about whether the children pointed to the left or right side of the screen on test trials. This information was used to exclude participants who pointed exclusively to one side of the screen blocks_of_three (only in final_sample_exp1.csv) - this column contains information on blocks of three trials. It simply divides the experiment in four blocks of three trials. This column was used to carry out an additional analysis for experiment 1 only. --- Folder: R Markdown The manuscript reports on three experiments and an R Markdown document was created for each experiment that contains code and output for the descriptive statistics, analyses, and main graphs that are included in the manuscript, plus supplementary graphs. These files are: R_Markdown_Exp1_final.Rmd and R_Markdown_Exp2_final.Rmd and R_Markdown_Exp3_final.Rmd, which are used to create the output files: R_Markdown_Exp1_final.html and R_Markdown_Exp2_final.html and R_Markdown_Exp3_final.html. R_Markdown_Main_Graph_Exp1-3.html contains the script for the main graph in the manuscript. --- Folder: Supplementary Figures The following files: Experiment 1: Supplement_Exp1_Fig1a.png & Supplement_Exp1_Fig1b.png Experiment 2: Supplement_Exp1_Fig2a.png & Supplement_Exp1_Fig2b.png Experiment 3: Supplement_Exp1_Fig3a.png & Supplement_Exp1_Fig3b.png show the individual performances of the child participants in each experiment, per condition (a = iconic gesture group and b = control group in the file names). In the Figures, the proportion of correct answers in test trials is plotted on the y-axis and children's average performance in each block is marked with two dots, connected by a straight line. The panels indicate the participant numbers for reference to the raw data files. The panels are ordered by performance, from lower to higher. --- Folder: R Markdown Supporting Information Finally, there are also two R markdown .Rmd and .html files which contain exploratory correlations between children's age in months and their verb generalization performance, by experiment, gesture condition, and block. R_markdown_Exploratory_Age_Correlations_Exp1-3.Rmd R_markdown_Exploratory_Age_Correlations_Exp1-3.html These correlations were included in a table in a separate document uploaded to the journal's page, which is titled Supporting Information - Exploratory Correlations between Age and Verb Generalization Performance.