1 = 1 person
6 = 6 people and so on

sample interviewed id nb sysmis=nto traced as GPs ghost/deceased patients and ineligible age sample member in 1987-9
1 = hackney 85+ sample 1987baseline with 1990 follow-up
2 = hackney 65+ sample ditto
3 = braintree 65+ sample ditto

On the whole, do you like living in this area?
1 = Yes
2 = No
3 = Uncertain
9 = inadequate response

In the last 12 months have you had any upsets or upheavals? What about (list): Major illness, operations, accidents/fall?
1 = yes
2 = no
9 = inadequate response nb this is used throughout questions

Death of someone close?
1 = yes
2 = no

Do you have any anxieties or fears about intruders, going out or opening the door at home?
1 = yes
2 = no
9 = inadequate nb 9 is used throughout questionnaire for inadequate

Is this accommodation: (list) sheltered housing with/without warden
1 = sheltered without warden
2 = sheltered with warden
3 = house
4 = flat ground floor
5 = flat upper floor
6 = bedsit
7 = other

Housing tenure - Do you own your own home or rent it?
1 = Owned home/mortgage
2 = Council tenants
3 = Private tenants
4 = Relative/friend's house
5 = Other

Do you live alone here or do others live with you?
1 = lives alone
2 = lives with spouse only
3 = lives with relatives
4 = lives with friends
5 = lives with a lodger
6 = other

Who lives with 1st person
1 = spouse
2 = other relative
3 = friend
4 = other, lodger
8 = dna
9 = inad

Are you married, single, widowed, divorced, separated
1 = married
2 = single
3 = widowed
4 = divorced
5 = separated

Do you have any sons or daughters, if yes, still alive?
0 = never had children
1 = yes still has live children
2 = had children but not alive now

Reported frequency feels lonely
1 = Rarely or never
2 = Ocasionally
3 = Most or all of the time

frequency speaks face to face or phone to rels friends neighbours
1 = daily
2 = more than weekly
3 = weekly
4 = less often
5 = never

Frequency speaks on phone
0 = inad
1 = Daily
2 = More than weekly
3 = weekly
4 = less often
5 = never
8 = no phone
9 = inad

sees enough of kids85sonly
0 = Sees enough/too much of kids
1 = Sees too little of kids

sees enough of relatives
0 = sees enough/too much of relatives
1 = sees too little of relatives

Sees enough of friends
0 = Sees enough/too much of friends
1 = Sees too little of friends
8 = No friends
9 = Uncertain inadequate

What other things do you ever do during the day/evening. List: watch TV, listen to radio
0 = no
1 = yes

does crafts
0 = No
1 = Yes

nothing just sits
1 = never, rarely
2 = occasionally, sometimes
3 = regularly, often

If you needed the help of a relative or friend do you know there is one who would help
1 = Yes
2 = No

I'd like to ask you some questions about your health now. Are any of the following problems troubling you? Poor eyesight apart from wearuing glasses
0 = no
1 = yes have got

If reported problem, have you seen the doctor about this - sight? nb 8 is does not apply as no problem reported and 9 throughout is inadequate response
1 = yes has seen
2 = no

Sex of respondent, male, female
0 = female
1 = male

Coded type of drug taken using British national formulary and see later for type of 1st taken, 2nd taken etc using same codes
0 = none taken
1 = minor tranquilizer
2 = major tranquilizer
3 = antidepressant
4 = other mood
5 = other nervous system
6 = gastro intestinal
7 = cardiovascular, diuretic
8 = respiratory/allergic
9 = rheumatic
10 = anti microbial
11 = endocrinological
12 = nutrition
13 = skin/eye/muceus membrane
14 = other
15 = unknown preparation
21 = ?
48 = ?
71 = ?
88 = does not apply none taken
99 = inadequate response

How often do you see any of these LIST: Seen health visitor codes recoded from frequency to sees 1
1 = yes sees
8 = DNA does not see
9 = inadequate

At what age did you finish full time education - eg school, college, university?
1 = under 14
2 = 14<16
3 = 16<18
4 = 18<21
5 = over 21
9 = inadequate

Women: What kind of work did your husband do for most of his working life? Social class coding
1 = professional
2 = managerial
3 = skilled non manual
4 = skilled manual
5 = semi skilled

Social network size Stokes Hirsch Social Network Grid Number of relatives, friends, neighbours significant in your life in contact at least monthly with
1 = 1 person
2 = 2 people
3 = 3 people
4 = 4 people and so on

No of people in network repondent feels close to, can confide in or turn to for help in emergency
1 = 1 person
2 = 2 people
3 = 3 people
4 = 4 or more people
77 = dont know
88 = does not apply has no one
99 = inad

Type of network member who is most help Which friend, relative or neighbour would you say gives you the most help and support?
0 = no-one
1 = relative
2 = friend/neighbour
3 = both
9 = inadequate
10 = ?
28 = ?
77 = ?
88 = does not apply no network
99 = inadeuqate also

Respondents wants to see more of friends relatives or neighbours
0 = wants to see more of them all
1 = sees enough/too much

Andrews and Withey Delighted Terribe Faces Scale 1 Which face comes closest to expressing how you feel about your life as a whole now? raw codes Most delighted =1 to Most terrible face G=7 responseitems 1-7
1 = A most delighted face
2 = B next most delighted face
3 = C next most delighted face

Adapted Townsend ADL (IADL) scale Are you able to do these things get/in out of bed ditto codes for all items below
0 = missing value
1 = On own without difficulty
2 = on own with slight difficulty
3 = On own with moderate difficulty
4 = On own with severe difficulty
5 = Unable to do without someone helping
6 = Unable to do at all - total help needed
9 = mising value

Has help with rising from chair/wheelchair from relative, friend or professional =1 has no help=0 these codes also apply below (original was If has help, who helps Relatives =1 Friends =2 Professionals = 3)
0 = no help
1 = has help

2nd prescribed medication taken type coding
0 = none taken
1 = minor tranquilizer
2 = major tranquilizer
3 = antdepressant
4 = other mood
5 = other nervous system
6 = gastro intestinal
7 = cardiovascular/diuretic
8 = respiratory
9 = rheumatic
10 = antimicriobial
11 = endcrinological
12 = nutrition
13 = skin, eye, mucous membrane
14 = other
15 = unknown preparation
88 = does not apply as none taken
99 = inadequate response

followup Reported problems heating home recoded from Is your home warm enough for you reinterview variables below with ID variable names and codes recodes to baseline PLUS b added to ID reinterview follow-up variable
0 = no problems
1 = yes problems heating home

followupOn the whole do you like living in this area b= follow up question at 2 and a helf to 3 years post baseline and ditto all below until death coding from flagged total baseline sample near end and then recodes
1 = yes
2 = no
3 = uncertain
9 = inadequate response

followup In the last 12 months have you had any upsets or upheavals, what about LIST major illness
0 = no recoded to 0 from them original 2 at most questioons for summing
1 = yes

followupIs this accommodation note code 7 is other
1 = sheltered housing without warden
2 = sheltered housing with warden
3 = house
4 = flat on ground floor
5 = flat on upper floor
6 = bedsit

followup Do you live alone here or do others live with you?
1 = lives alone
2 = lives with others

followup who lives with = 1st person lived with
1 = spouse
2 = other relative
3 = friend
4 = other eg lodger

followup 2nd person lives with
1 = spouse
2 = other relative
3 = friend
4 = other

followup age age 40=error and some single ages to be recoded into the 1 2 3
1 = under 90
2 = 90 less than 95
3 = 95 less than 100

followup Do you ever feel lonely
1 = never
2 = rarely
3 = sometimes
4 = often

followup Do you have a telephone
1 = yes
2 = no
3 = other a
4 = other b

followup How often do you speak to relatives, friends, neighbours on the telephone
1 = daily
2 = more than weekly
3 = weekly
4 = less often
5 = other

followup Do you see as much of as you would like of your neighbours
1 = yes sees enough
2 = no

followup Do you see as much of as you would like of your relatives
0 = yes sees enough
2 = no

followup Do you see as much of as you would like of your friends
0 = yes
1 = no

followup Do you belong to any club LIST residents association
1 = no
2 = yes

followup Do you belong to any club LIST meeting place in club, pub
1 = no
2 = yes
3 = more than 1

followup Do you (go to) Bingo
0 = no
1 = yes
3 = 1 or more

followup Any other types of clubs
0 = no
1 = yes
3 = more than 1

Does voluntary work
1 = no
2 = yes
3 = other response

followup What other things do you do during the day, evening nothing just sit
1 = yes
2 = no
3 = other, occasionally

followup What other things do you do during the day, evening nothing just sleep
1 = yes
2 = no
3 = other occasionally

followup in out of bed ADL adapted Townsend scale Are you able to do these things LIST get in out of bed
1 = on own without difficulty
2 = on own with slight difficulty
3 = on own with moderate difficulty
4 = on own with severe difficulty
5 = can only do with someone helpfing
6 = unable to do at all even with help

followup IF HAS HELP WHO helps with each ADL task in list
0 = other
1 = relatives only

followup How often has help with each ADL task
1 = daily
2 = more than weekly
3 = weekly
4 = more than fortnightly
5 = less often

followup 1st drug type
0 = none
1 = minor tranquilliser sedative or hypnotic
2 = major tranquilliser sedative or hypnotic
3 = antidepressant or stimulant
4 = other mood
5 = other nervous system
6 = gastro intestinal
7 = cardiovascular or diuretic
8 = respiratory or allergic
9 = rheumatic
10 = anti microbial
11 = endocrinological
12 = nutrition/blood
13 = skin/eye/muceous membrane
14 = other
15 = unknown preparation

followup How long ago did you last see your doctor
1 = seen GP in last 3 months
2 = not seen GP in last 3 months

followup seen gp in last year
0 = not seen
1 = seen gp in last year

followup health visitor Can I check how often you see any of these health visitor
0 = no not seen
1 = yes sees

followup Delighted Terrible Face A Which face comes closest to expressing how you feel about your life as a whole
1 = Most delighted face
2 = 2nd most delighted face
3 = 3rd most delighted face
4 = neutral face
5 = terrible face
6 = next most terrible face
7 = most terrible face

followup Neugarten life satisfaction index all recoded 1 good 0 not good for summing log reg analysis item 1 As I grow older things seem beter than I thought they would be
0 = not good recoded
1 = good life satisfaction recoded score

followup feasibility coding subsample Wenger network typology coding with potentially 6 network links coded
1 = one network link
2 = two network links
3 = three
4 = four
5 = five
6 = six=fully linked network all know each othera+b a+c a+d b+c

BASELINE percentage of relatives who are confidantes
0 = None 0 per cent
8800 = Highest percentage

baseline scortasc ADL summed score recoded
1 = 0-40 good ADL
2 = 41-70
3 = 71+ poor ADL

baseline Number of health symptoms baseline
0 = No reported symptoms
1 = 1-2
2 = 3-4
3 = 5+

followup number of health symtoms followup
0 = None
1 = 1-2
2 = 3-4
3 = 5 or more

Status THESE are the UPDATED final traced total baseline sample all flagged deaths coded from here
0 = survived/no record of death=mostly no trace at interview
1 = Death informed by ONS and/or relative

Date of Death(Year)
1952 = FPC ghost patients no trace at interviews
1986 = FPC ghost patients/died before interviews

Place of Death
1 = At home
2 = Hospital
3 = Other institution
4 = Hospice
8 = Other
9 = Not specified

Sex on death certificate
1 = Male
2 = Female

Date of Birth(Day)
99 = Missing

Place of Birth:Local Sampling Codes
1 = Braintree, Essex
2 = Essex, other
3 = Hackney, London
4 = Tower Hamlets, London
5 = London, other
6 = British Isles other
7 = Europe
8 = Elsewhere
9 = Missing

Place of Birth: ONS region/County Codes
34 = TYNE + WEAR (Newcastle, N + S Tyneside, Sunderland)
37 = YORKSHIRE SOUTH (Barnsley, Doncaster, Sheffield, Rotherham)
38 = YORKSHIRE WEST (Bradford, Kirklees, Leeds, Wakefield)
71 = WEST MIDLANDS (Wolverhampton, Walsall, Dudley, Birmingham, S
75 = MERSEYSIDE (Wirral, Sefton, Liverpool, Knowsley, St. Helens)

SOCIAL CLASS : 4 digit emplyment code
9999 = Missing

SOCIAL CLASS on death cert : 8 category NS-SEC category
1 = 1.2
2 = 2
3 = 3
4 = 4
5 = 5
6 = 6
7 = 7
8 = 1.1
9 = Missing

USUAL ADDRESS : Accommodation
1 = Own/others' home
2 = Hospital
3 = Old peoples' home
4 = Other institution
5 = Other

USUAL ADDRESS : ONS region/County Codes
34 = TYNE + WEAR (Newcastle, N + S Tyneside, Sunderland)
37 = YORKSHIRE SOUTH (Barnsley, Doncaster, Sheffield, Rotherham)
38 = YORKSHIRE WEST (Bradford, Kirklees, Leeds, Wakefield)
71 = WEST MIDLANDS (Wolverhampton, Walsall, Dudley, Birmingham, S
73 = GREATER MANCHESTER (Wigan, Bolton, Bury, Rochdale, Oldham, S
75 = MERSEYSIDE (Wirral, Sefton, Liverpool, Knowsley, St. Helens)

USUAL ADDRESS : Is the address the same as that on OPCS card ? Yes = 1, No =2
1 = Yes
2 = No
9 = Missing

Marital status at death
1 = Single
2 = Widowed
3 = Married
4 = Divorced/separated
8 = 'Wife of' unspecified
9 = No information

CAUSE OF DEATH: A=1. b=2. etc Code each listed cause (Ia-II on d/c) see International Classification of Disease Version 10 vols : 1a
1.09 = icd10

1 = Daughter
2 = Son
3 = Spouse
4 = Other relative
5 = Causing the body to be buried
6 = Other
9 = Missing

INFORMANT’S ADDRESS: ONS region.County Codes. If Undertaker’s is informant code address 88
34 = TYNE + WEAR (Newcastle, N + S Tyneside, Sunderland)`
37 = YORKSHIRE SOUTH (Barnsley, Doncaster, Sheffield, Rotherham)
38 = YORKSHIRE WEST (Bradford, Kirklees, Leeds, Wakefield)
71 = WEST MIDLANDS (Wolverhampton, Walsall, Dudley, Birmingham, S
73 = GREATER MANCHESTER (Wigan, Bolton, Bury, Rochdale, Oldham, S
75 = MERSEYSIDE (Wirral, Sefton, Liverpool, Knowsley, St. Helens)

ICD 1a re coded
1 = A=Infectious and parasitic
3 = C=Malignant neoplasms
4 = D=In situ, benign, other neoplasms, diseases of blood
5 = E=Endocrine, nutritional, metabolic
6 = F=Mental and behavioural disorders
7 = G=Nervous system
9 = I=Circulatory system
10 = J=Respiratory system
11 = K=Digestive system
12 = L=Skin and subcutaneous tissue
13 = M=Musculoskeletal and connective tissue
14 = N=Genitourinary system
18 = R=Symptoms, signs, abnormal findings NEC
19 = S=Injury, poisoning, external causes
20 = T=Other injuries, poisoning, complications, other
24 = X=Exposures to smoke etc, plants, animals, nature, other, in
25 = Y=Undetermines, war, complications of health care, other

ICD 1b recoded
1 = A
3 = C
4 = D
5 = E
6 = F
7 = G
8 = H
9 = I
10 = J
11 = K
12 = L
13 = M
14 = N
18 = R
19 = S
20 = T
23 = W

ICD 1c recoded
1 = A
3 = C
4 = D
5 = E
6 = F
7 = G
9 = I
10 = J
11 = K
12 = L
13 = M
14 = N
17 = Q
18 = R
19 = S
20 = T
24 = X
25 = Y

ICDIIi recoded
1 = A
2 = B
3 = C
4 = D
5 = E
6 = F
7 = G
8 = H
9 = I
10 = J
11 = K
12 = L
13 = M
14 = N
17 = Q
18 = R
19 = S
20 = T
25 = Y

ICD11ii recoded
1 = A
3 = C
4 = D
5 = E
6 = F
7 = G
8 = H
9 = I
10 = J
11 = K
12 = L
13 = M
14 = N
18 = R
19 = S
20 = T
24 = X
25 = Y

life events in last year ill + bereave + burglary + assault + fire
0 = .00
1 = 1.00
2 = 2.00
3 = 3.00

no of social activities performed fom list not tvnot all resps are here
0 = .00
1 = 1.00
2 = 2.00
3 = 3.00
4 = 4.00
5 = 5.00
6 = 6.00
7 = 7.00
8 = 8.00
9 = 9.00
10 = 10.00
11 = 11.00
12 = 12.00

neugartens life satisfaction scale total score
0 = 0 positive responses out of 20
20 = high life sat all 20 positive responses

faces life sat scale summed a to e
0 = SDcore 0 Good life satisfaction
35 = Score 35 Poor life satisfaction

percentage of confidantes who are rels recoded to 100%
1 = Low proportion
5 = High proportion

feels lonely baseline
0 = most of the time/often
1 = never to oaccasionally

sees enough of friends 01 reverse coded
0 = wants to see more of friends
1 = sees enough/too much of friends

how often speaks to rels friends neighbours on phone 01 reverse coded
0 = less often
1 = daily to weekly

adl total recoded 01
0 = adl score 71+ poor adl
1 = adl score 1-70

nssec8 digit code recoded 01
0 = NSSEC 5-8
1 = NSSEC 1-4

no of health problems in list 01 REVERSE coded
0 = 3+ symptoms
1 = less than 2 symptoms in list

Year of baseline interview
1987 = Year of baseline interview H 85+ sample
1989 = Year of baseline interview H & E 65-85 samples

Duration ALL Duration of responders survival since interview computed year died minus year interviewed survivors from July 2007 also included as 20 years plus
1 = Died within/ one year of interview
2 = Died two years after interview
19 = Died 19 years after interview
20 = Survivors beyond July 2007

Year of follow up interview
1990 = Year of follow-up interview H 85+ sample
1991 = Year of follow-up interview 65+ H & B samples

Married at time of death recofe from DC
1 = Married at time of death on death certificate
2 = Single
3 = Divorced/separated/widowed

Sample hackney 85+=1 essex and hackney recoded from var=-SampleID 65-85=0
0 = Hackney and Essex sampled aged 65-85
1 = Hackney sample aged 85+

housing tenure
1 = Owns home/mortgage
2 = Council tenant
3 = Private tenant
4 = Lives in relative/friend's home
5 = Other arrangement

ADLpersonalcare compute of 5 adl care tasks bed chair wc dress hair
4 = Lowest level of difficulty with personal care and transfer t
30 = Highest level of difficulty scale = 0 no difficulty to 5= un

Adl personal care dummy variable for missing cases
0 = missing values to adl personal care compute INCLDES non resp
1 = adl personal care compute responders

healthsymptoms computed 11 with highest responses no less than 672 missing values
0 = None of sight feet nerves forget confus bronch stroke urin constip jointstiff
1 = has one of 11conditions
2 = Has two of the 11
10 = Has 10 of the 11 syptoms

Health symptoms11 dummy variable with missing cases to compute and nonrespondents to baseline survey=0
0 = Missing responses to 11 health symptoms BUT includes survey
1 = Responded to 11 health sypmtoms in compute

lonely frequency with others included
1 = Rarely/never
2 = Occasionally
3 = Most/all of time
4 = Other n2 no n17 response

Sample type by area of residence at interview
1 = Hackey 85+
2 = Hackney 65<85
3 = Braintree 65<85

Faces compute with missing included at highest 36
0 = Delighted score good life sat
35 = terrible score poor life sat
36 = other/missing responses Note includes survey non respondents

GHQtotal2 with missing included as 27
0 = No problems GHQ
4 = caseness 4 or more
26 = Severe case wase with GHQ
27 = Missing other responses

Home owner or not
0 = Rents/other
1 = Home owner

Area lived in when interviewed
0 = Braintree Essex
1 = Hackney East London

Age sample id 65<85=0 85+=1
0 = age 65<85 Braintree and Hackney
1 = age 85+ Hackney

neugarten life satisfaction index item 1 = lifea item 1=a and so on high life satisfaction recoded=1 and low life sat and missing=0for dummy variable in sensitivity analysis 4 survival analyses
0 = Neugarten Life sat scale 0 life sat score plus missing
1 = positive response

Neugarten life satisfaction scale 1 score for each positive response summed, 0 low and missing 9=0 for dummy variable in survival analyses high life satisfaction recoded=1 for each item and summed
0 = 0 positive responses and 9 missing
1 = 1 positive response to 20 items
20 = Highest positive lifeall 20 psiotive responses to scle items

lonely = rarely/never/other/missing=1 occas/most of time=0 negative
0 = Negative=Occasionally/Most of time lonely versus
1 = Rarely/never lonely/Other/missing

status recoded for compute
500 = survivors
700 = deceased responders and nonresponders

sample status and sample ID added
501 = Hackney sample 85+ survived
502 = Hackney sample 65<85 survived
503 = Braintree sample aged 65<85 survived
701 = Hackney sample 85+ died
702 = Hackney sample 65<85 died
703 = Braintree sample 65<85 died

No of health problems computed most non missing variable recoded
1 = 0-1
2 = 2-3
4 = 4-11

ADL personal transfer compute of var most cases recoded
1 = 0-5 on ADL raw score of Good ADL personal and transfer tasks
2 = 6-11
3 = 12-17
4 = 18-30 Poor ADL

Neugartenpositive cases summed recoded
1 = raw score 0-7 poor life sat
2 = 8-13
3 = 14-20 good life sat

male2 female 3
2 = male
3 = female

under85885+7
6 = Under 85
7 = 85+

age under 85=6 85+=12
6 = under 85
12 = 85+

under86=30 85+ 53
30 = under 85
53 = 85+

age by sex compute
32 = Male aged under 85
33 = Female aged under 85
55 = Male aged 85+
56 = Female aged 85+

age by sex 1-4 recoded
1 = Male under 85
2 = Female under 85
3 = Male 85+
4 = Female 85+